Substitutions

1 tablespoon cornstarch = 2 tablespoons flour (for thickening)

1 cup sifted all-purpose flour = 1 cup plus 2 tablespoons sifted cake flour

1 square chocolate = 3 tablespoons cocoa plus 1 tablespoon butter (1 ounce)

1 teaspoon baking powder = 1/4 teaspoon baking soda plus 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar

1 cup milk = 1/2 cup evaporated milk plus 1/2 cup water

1 cup sour milk = 1 cup sweet milk into which 1 tablespoon vinegar or lemon juice has been mixed. 1 cup buttermilk may also be used

1 cup sweet milk = 1 cup sour milk or buttermilk plus 1/2 teaspoon baking soda

Buttermilk = for 1 cup use 1 teaspoon lemon juice or vinegar and enough milk to measure 1 cup
Cake flour = for 1 cup use 7/8 cup all-purpose flour
Cracker crumbs = for 3/4 cup use 1 cup bread crumbs
Dark corn syrup = for 1 cup use 3/4 cup light corn syrup and 1/4 cup molasses or 1 cup light corn syrup
Garlic = for 1 clove, minced use 1/8 teaspoon garlic powder
Garlic salt = for 1 teaspoon use 1/8 teaspoon garlic powder and 7/8 teaspoon salt
Half-and Half = for 1 cup use 1 tablespoon melted butter and enough whole milk to equal 1 cup
Honey = for 1 cup use 1 1/4 cups sugar and 1/4 cup liquid
Lemon Juice = for 1 teaspoon use 1/4 teaspoon cider vinegar
Lemon Peel = for 1 teaspoon use 1/2 teaspoon lemon extract
Light corn syrup = for 1 cup use 1 cup sugar and 1/4 cup liquid
Molasses = for 1 cup use 1 cup honey
Onion = for 1 small chopped, use 1 teaspoon onion powder or 1 tablespoon dried minced onion
Prepared Mustard = for 1 tablespoon use 1/2 teaspoon ground mustard and 2 teaspoons vinegar
Semisweet chocolate = for 1 ounce use 3 tablespoons semisweet chocolate chips or 1 ounce unsweetened chocolate and 1 tablespoon sugar